SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ACTIVITIES OF BAYANAUL OUTER DISTRICT’S AGHA SULTANS

This article is devoted to the power practices of the Middle Zhuz's agha sultans after the abolition of the khan's power, following the adoption of the "Charter on the Siberian Kirghiz" in 1822. The purpose of the article is to analyze the power practices of the Aga sultans of the Middle Zhuz after the abolition of Khan authority on the basis of the "Charter of the Siberian Kyrgyz" in order to identify the transformation of the management system, the role of biys in the activities of the Bayanauli outer district and assess their socio-political contribution to the protection of the interests of Kazakh society during the administrative reforms of the Russian Empire. According to the Charter, representatives of the Tore-Chingizid class were officially appointed as agha sultans. Still, later, the tsarist administration began to rely on biys - representatives of the black bone. This trend was particularly pronounced in Bayanaul's outer district, which united the Kazakh clans of the Middle Zhuz. The article defines the socio-political activities of the ruling officials of the specified district, such as Shon bi Edigeuly, Shorman Kuchikov, Kazangap bi Satybaldiuly, and Musa Shormanov. The article's source base comprises archival documents, historical folklore materials, and previously published materials. Based on published materials and archival documents, an analysis of political and social events related to this historical process was conducted. Oral and written sources prove that the biys who ruled the Bayanaul outer district were wise and educated figures of their time, and were fluent in Russian. They were politicians who took care of their people and defended their interests, being especially trusted representatives of the officials of the tsarist administration. The senior sultans who ruled the district were not only active in political and social life, but also engaged in research into Kazakh ethnography and culture. The article's chronological framework begins with the adoption of the "Charter on the Siberian Kyrgyz" in 1822. It extends to the period leading to the destruction of the Bayanaul district in connection with the administrative reform of 1867-1868.

1. Materialy po istorii politicheskogo stroya Kazahstana [Materials on the history of the political system of Kazakhstan]. Alma-Ata: Izdatel'stvo AN KazSSR. 1960. T.1. 441 p. [in Russian]

2. Gosudarstvennyi arhiv Omskoi oblasti [State Archive of the Omsk Region]. F. 3. Op.12. D.17684. L.90 [in Russian]

3. Gosudarstvennyi arhiv Omskoi oblasti [State Archive of the Omsk Region]. F. 3. Оp.12. D.17684. L.89 [in Russian]

4. Valikhanov Ch.Ch. Sobranie sochinenii v 5 tomakh [Collected works in 5 volumes]. Alma-Ata. 1985. T.4. 461 p. [in Russian]

5. Kopeiuly M.Zh. Shygarmalary [Compositions]. Pavlodar: EKO. 2013. T.6. 520 p. [in Kazakh]

6. Bronevskii S.B. O kazakhakh Srednei Ordy [About the Kazakhs of the Middle Horde]. Pavlodar: EKO. 2005. 168 p. [in Russian]

7. Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. F.338. Оp.1. D.409. L.41 [in Russian]

8. Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. F.338. Оp.1. D. 409. L.36 [in Russian]

9. Gosudarstvennyi arhiv Omskoi oblasti [State Archive of the Omsk Region]. F.3. Оp.12. D.17684. L.92 [in Russian]

10. Potanin G.N. K charakterictike Sibiri. Literaturnoe nacledctwo Sibiri [On the characteristics of Siberia. Literary heritage of Siberia]. Nowosibirsk: Zapadno-Sibirckoe knizhnoe isdatel'ctwo .1986. T.7. 171 p. [in Russian]

11. Zhakcybaew M. Muca Schormanow - zarckij polkownik [Musa Shormanov - tsarist colonel]. Inductrial'naya Karaganda. 1990. 18th November. P. 4-5 [in Russian]

12. Kracowckij M.I. Obras zhisni kasachow ctepnych okrugow [The way of life of the Kazakhs of the steppe districts]. Pavlodar: EKO. 2005. 288 p. [in Russian]

13. Gosudarstvennyi arhiv Omskoi oblasti [State Archive of the Omsk Region]. F.3. Оp.8. D.12769. L.62 [in Russian]

14. Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. F.345. Оp.1. D.529. L.85 [in Russian]

15. Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan]. F.338. Оp.1. D.408. L.18-19 [in Russian]

16. Isabayev K. Zherіmіzdі korgagan, elіmіzdі eseitken batyr Shon bi [Shon Bi is a hero who protected our land and raised our country]. Saryarka samaly. 2002. 20th September. [in Kazakh]

17. Elemesov A. (Eds). Kazangap bi Satybaldyuly [Kazangap bi Satybaldyuly]. Pavlodar: Kereku. 2008. 173 p. [in Kazakh]

18. Insebaew T.A. Pavlodar uesі kazaktarynyn schezhіresі [Genealogy of Kazakhs of Pavlodar region]. PMU. 2005. 214 p. [in Kazakh]

19. Gosudarstvennyi arhiv Omskoi oblasti [State Archive of the Omsk Region]. F.3. Оp.8. D.12769. L.3 [in Russian]

20. Adolf Januszkiewicz.(2010) Żywot Adolfa Januszkiewicza i jego listy ze stepów kirgizkich 1861. Kessinger Publishing, LLC. 582 p. [in Polish]

21. Ian W. Campbell. (2017) Knowledge and the Ends of Empire: Kazak Intermediaries and Russian Rule on the Steppe, 1731-1917. Cornell University. 273 p. [in English]