For citations:

Almagambetova A., Khabizhanova G.B. THE ROLE OF ISLAM IN THE FORMATION OF HISTORICAL CONTACTS OF THE QARAKHANIDS WITH NEIGHBORING STATES (10TH-12TH CENTURIES). Bulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University. 2025;79(4):98-106. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.47649/vau.25.v79.i4.09