For citations:

Momuntayeva L., Zhumagulov B., Eshmukambetov A. THE «GOLDEN AGE» OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE: HISTORICALCULTURAL, AND POLITICAL CHARACTERISTIC. Bulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University. 2025;79(4):67-76. (In Kazakh) https://doi.org/10.47649/vau.25.v79.i4.06