asuВестник Атырауского университета имени Халела ДосмухамедоваBulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University2077-01972790-332XАтырауский университет имени Халела Досмухамедова10.47649/vau.2022.v65.i2.02asu-599Research ArticleИСТОРИЯ И АРХЕОЛОГИЯHISTORY AND ARCHEOLOGYРОЛЬ ТАМОЖЕН СТЕПНОГО КРАЯ В РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОДУКТОВ СКОТОВОДСТВАROLE OF CUSTOMS OF STEPPS IN REALIZATION OF PRODUCTS OF CATTLE BREEDINGhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4758-8916DzhumagaliyevaK.DzhumagaliyevaK.

Nur-Sultan, 010011

Candidate of Historical Sciences, Acting Associate Professor

Nur-Sultan, 010011

d_kylash@mail.ruS.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityКазахстанS.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical UniversityKazakhstan2022110720226521524Copyright © Dzhumagaliyeva K., 20222022Dzhumagaliyeva K.Dzhumagaliyeva K.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/599

В статье раскрывается роль таможен при перевозке продуктов скотоводства из казахской степи. Развитие торгово-экономических отношений Казахстана и России занимает одну из важнейших страниц в истории данных государств. Одну из главных ролей во внешнеэкономической деятельности в XIX веке играли таможни. В XIX веке они регулировали не только торгово-экономические, но и политические отношения России с Казахстаном. Именно азиатское направление стало доминирующим во внешней политике Российской империи в указанный период времени. В статье уделено внимание основным направлениям торговли. Выделены наиболее значимые таможенные пункты, через которые осуществлялись торговые операции. Приводятся статистические и архивные данные по исследуемой проблеме. Торговые отношения имели огромное значение не только для Казахстана, но и для России. Раскрывается значимость отдельных таможен. В статье особая роль отводится меновой торговле, ярмаркам. Выделяются наиболее значимые центры ярмарочной торговли. В развитии торговых отношений огромную роль сыграл также извозный промысел. Перевозкой товаров в основном занимались казахи. Это занятие стало одним из основных, что давало возможность коренному населению иметь определенный заработок.

The article reveals the role of customs in the transportation of livestock products from the Kazakh Steppe. The history of trade and economic relations between the Russian Empire and Kazakhstan is an object of study for both Russian and domestic historians. In the regulation of foreign economic activity in the 19th century, the role of customs was significant. They regulated not only trade and economic, but also political processes. It was the Asian direction that became dominant in the foreign policy of the Russian Empire. The article focuses on the main areas of trade. The most significant customs points through which trade operations were carried out have been identified. Statistical and archival data on the problem under study are given. Trade relations were of great importance not only for Kazakhstan, but also for Russia. The importance of individual customs is revealed. In the article, a special role is given to barter trade, fairs. The most significant centers of fair trade are singled out. In the development of trade relations a huge role was played by the transport industry. The transportation of goods was mainly carried out by the Kazakhs. This occupation became one of the main ones, which made it possible for the indigenous population to earn money.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.