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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">asu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Атырауского университета имени Халела Досмухамедова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-0197</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-332X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Атырауский университет имени Халела Досмухамедова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47649/vau.26.v81.i2.36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">asu-2885</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>НОВАЯ ФОРМА ОРГАНИЗОВАННОЙ ПРЕСТУПНОСТИ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЯ ТЕНЕВЫМ ГЕНОМНЫМ ЛАБОРАТОРИЯМ, РАСПРОСТРАНЯЮЩИМСЯ ЧЕРЕЗ ВИРТУАЛЬНЫЕ КАНАЛЫ КОММУНИКАЦИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A NEW FORM OF ORGANIZED CRIME: CHALLENGES OF COUNTERACTING SHADOW GENOMIC LABORATORIES SPREAD THROUGH VIRTUAL COMMUNICATION CHANNELS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6230-3651</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нартай</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nartai</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нартай Ажар Нартайкызы - старший преподаватель кафедры уголовно-правовых дисциплин,</p><p>г. Туркестан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nartai Azhar Nartaiqyzy - Senior Lecturer at the Department of Criminal Law Disciplines, </p><p>Turkistan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sarapshy.tk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7996-7657</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шалхаров</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shalkharov</surname><given-names>Y. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шалхаров Ернар Сайлаубекович - заведующий кафедрой уголовно-правовых  дисциплин,</p><p>г. Туркестан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shalkharov Yernar Sailaubekovich - Chief executive of criminal law disciplines branch, </p><p>Turkistan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yernar_shalkharov@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3696-3329</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мансуров</surname><given-names>А. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mansurov</surname><given-names>A. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мансуров Ардак Усенович - докторант PhD, кафедра уголовно-правовых дисциплин,</p><p>г. Туркестан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mansurov Ardaq Usenovich - corresponding author, PhD student, Department of Criminal Law Disciplines, </p><p>Turkistan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mansa_911@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6222-5194</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Досекеев</surname><given-names>О. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dosekeev</surname><given-names>O. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Досекеев Олжас Бекболдыулы - старший преподаватель, кафедра уголовно-правовых дисциплин,</p><p>г. Туркестан</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dosekeev Olzhas Bekboldyuly - Senior lecturer, Department of Criminal Law Disciplines, </p><p>Turkistan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olzhas.dossekeyev@ayu.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Международный казахско-турецкий университет имени Ходжи Ахмеда Ясави</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Khoja Akhmet Yassawi International Kazakh-Turkish University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>81</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>467</fpage><lpage>479</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Нартай А.Н., Шалхаров Е.С., Мансуров А.У., Досекеев О.Б., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Нартай А.Н., Шалхаров Е.С., Мансуров А.У., Досекеев О.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Nartai A.N., Shalkharov Y.S., Mansurov A.U., Dosekeev O.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2885">https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2885</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье исследуется феномен теневых геномных лабораторий как новая форма организованной преступности, формирующаяся на пересечении биотехнологий, цифровых коммуникаций и криминальных сетевых практик. Актуальность исследования обусловлена трансформацией криминального пространства, в котором незаконные операции с генетической информацией и биотехнологическими ресурсами получают распространение посредством виртуальных каналов коммуникации, что существенно усложняет их выявление, правовую квалификацию и пресечение. Цель исследования заключается в выявлении институциональных и правовых пробелов в системе противодействия теневым геномным лабораториям и разработке междисциплинарной модели государственного реагирования на биоцифровые преступления. Методологическую основу составили контент-анализ научной литературы, сравнительно-правовой анализ международных практик, онлайн-опрос и структурное моделирование. В результате исследования установлено, что в Казахстане проблема характеризуется высоким уровнем потенциальной латентности, недостаточной межведомственной координацией и нормативной неопределённостью в части регулирования новых биоцифровых угроз. Предложена национальная модель противодействия, включающая шесть взаимосвязанных этапов институционального реагирования: мониторинг, выявление, оценку риска, межведомственную координацию, правовое пресечение и последующий контроль. Модель дополнена предложениями по совершенствованию нормативно-правовой базы, механизмов цифрового мониторинга и взаимодействия государственных органов, научных организаций и правоохранительных структур. Практическая значимость исследования заключается в возможности использования разработанных подходов при формировании национальной системы предупреждения и пресечения новых форм организованной преступности, связанных с незаконным использованием геномных и цифровых технологий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article examines the phenomenon of shadow genomic laboratories as an emerging form of organized crime developing at the intersection of biotechnology, digital communications, and criminal network practices. The relevance of the study is determined by the transformation of the criminal environment, in which illegal operations involving genetic information and biotechnological resources are increasingly disseminated through virtual communication channels, significantly complicating their detection, legal classification, and suppression. The aim of the study is to identify institutional and legal gaps in the system for countering shadow genomic laboratories and to develop an interdisciplinary model of state response to biodigital crime. The methodological framework comprises content analysis of scientific literature, comparative legal analysis of international practices, an online survey, and structural modeling. The findings demonstrate that in Kazakhstan, this emerging threat is characterized by potentially high levels of latency, insufficient interagency coordination, and regulatory uncertainty concerning new biodigital risks. A national counteraction model is proposed, incorporating six interconnected stages of institutional response: monitoring, detection, risk assessment, interagency coordination, legal suppression, and follow-up control. The model is supplemented by proposals to improve the regulatory framework, strengthen digital monitoring mechanisms, and enhance cooperation among government authorities, research institutions, and law enforcement agencies. The practical significance of the study lies in the potential application of the proposed approaches to developing a national system for preventing and suppressing emerging forms of organized crime associated with the illicit use of genomic and digital technologies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>организованная преступность</kwd><kwd>синтетическая биология</kwd><kwd>биоцифровая безопасность</kwd><kwd>генетические данные</kwd><kwd>цифровая криминология</kwd><kwd>право и биотехнологии</kwd><kwd>теневые лаборатории</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>organized crime</kwd><kwd>synthetic biology</kwd><kwd>bio-digital security</kwd><kwd>genetic data</kwd><kwd>digital criminology</kwd><kwd>law and biotechnology</kwd><kwd>shadow laboratories</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoffmann S. 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