asuВестник Атырауского университета имени Халела ДосмухамедоваBulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University2077-01972790-332XАтырауский университет имени Халела Досмухамедова10.47649/vau.26.v81.i2.21asu-2870Research ArticleЭКОНОМИКАECONOMICSЭЛЕКТРОННОЕ ПРАВИТЕЛЬСТВО В КАЗАХСТАНЕ И ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬE-GOVERNMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCYhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-9966-0723СембиноваМ.SembinovaM.

Сембинова Маржан - докторант,

г. Астана

Sembinova Marzhan - Doctoral student,

Astana city

marzhansembinova@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-9596-8768КожумовА.KozhumovA.

Кожумов Асхат – PhD, старший преподаватель кафедры «Менеджмент», 

г. Астана

Kozhumov Askhat - PhD, Senior Lecturer at the Department of Management,

Astana

a.kozhumovaifc@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6546-3784МалдыноваА.MaldynovaA.

Малдынова Айжана – PhD, постдокторант, 

г. Алматы

Maldynova Aizhana – PhD, Postdoctoral Researcher,

13 Dostyk Avenue, Almaty

aizhanam@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4576-3920ЕсеноваГ.YessenovaG.

Есенова Гульмира - кандидат экономических наук, профессор, 

г. Астана

Yessenova Gulmira - Candidate of Economic Sciences, Professor,

Astana

pavlodsrsemey@gmail.comAstana IT UniversityКазахстанAstana IT UniversityKazakhstanЕвразийский национальный университет имени Л.Н. ГумилеваКазахстанL.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National UniversityKazakhstanКазахский национальный педагогический университет имени АбаяКазахстанAbai Kazakh National Pedagogical UniversityKazakhstanКазахский университет технологии и бизнеса имени К. КулажановаКазахстанK.Kulazhanov Kazakh University of Technology and BusinessKazakhstan202602102026812264277Copyright © Сембинова М., Кожумов А., Малдынова А., Есенова Г., 20262026Сембинова М., Кожумов А., Малдынова А., Есенова Г.Sembinova M., Kozhumov A., Maldynova A., Yessenova G.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2870

В последние годы развитие электронного правительства в Казахстане способствовало повышению уровня цифровизации государственного управления и улучшению позиций страны в международных рейтингах. Однако высокий уровень цифровой зрелости не всегда идет рука об руку с повышением экономической эффективности. Цель исследования – оценить экономическую эффективность электронного правительства в Казахстане на основе снижения транзакционных издержек, распределения экономических выгод между различными экономическими агентами и степени интеграции цифровых услуг в реальные административно-экономические процессы. В исследовании использован институционально-экономический подход. Эмпирическая база включает макроинституциональные показатели и микроэкономические данные по гражданам и представителям бизнеса. В анализе использованы методы описательной статистики и сравнительного анализа. Результаты исследования показали, что экономические эффекты системы электронного правительства распределяются неравномерно между различными пользователями. Пользователи с высокой цифровой грамотностью в большей степени снижают транзакционные издержки и более эффективно используют цифровые услуги. Кроме того, установлено, что основным фактором экономической эффективности является не формальный уровень цифровизации, а степень интеграции цифровых услуг в реальные административно-экономические процессы. Научная новизна исследования заключается в комплексной оценке экономической эффективности электронного правительства с точки зрения транзакционных издержек, распределения экономических выгод и институциональной интеграции. Результаты показывают, что цифровое неравенство является важным экономическим фактором, влияющим на эффективность цифровых реформ.

In recent years, the development of e-Government in Kazakhstan has contributed to an increase in the level of digitalization of public administration and an improvement in the country's position in international rankings. However, a high level of digital maturity does not always go hand in hand with an increase in economic efficiency. The purpose of this study is to assess the economic efficiency of e-Government in Kazakhstan based on transaction costs reduction, the distribution of economic benefits among different economic agents, and the degree of integration of digital services into real administrative and economic processes. The study employs an institutional-economic approach. The empirical base includes macro-institutional indicators and microeconomic data on citizens and business representatives, analysed using descriptive statistics and comparative methods. The study results show that the economic effects of the e-Government system are unevenly distributed among different users. Users with higher digital literacy reduce greater transaction costs and use digital services more efficiently. In addition, it was found that the key determinant if economic efficiency is not the formal level of digitalization, but the degree of integration of digital services into real administrative and economic processes. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehensive assessment of the economic efficiency of eGovernment in terms of transaction costs, economic benefit distribution, and institutional integration. The results highlight that digital inequality is an important economic factor affecting the effectiveness of digital reforms.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.