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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">asu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Атырауского университета имени Халела Досмухамедова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-0197</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-332X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Атырауский университет имени Халела Досмухамедова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47649/vau.26.v80.i1.45</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">asu-2750</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПРАВО</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LAW</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ЗАЩИТА ГРАЖДАНСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ МЕЖДУНАРОДНЫМ ГУМАНИТАРНЫМ ПРАВОМ В ПЕРИОД ВОЕННЫХ КОНФЛИКТОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>PROTECTION OF THE CIVILIAN POPULATION INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW DURING MILITARY CONFLICTS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7686-0170</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Токтыбеков</surname><given-names>Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Toktybekov</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Темир Токтыбеков – кандидат юридических наук, ассоциированный профессор кафедры «Юриспруденции и международного права», </p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Temir Toktybekov – candidate of law sciences, about associate professor of the Departments «Jurisprudence and International Law»,</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">toktybekov.prok@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0147-9435</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаитов</surname><given-names>А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaitov</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алишер Гаитов – кандидат юридических наук, ассоциированный профессор кафедры «Право»,</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alisher Gaitov – candidate of law sciences, about associate professor of the Departments «Law»,</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gaitov.alisher@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7624-5023</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буранбаева</surname><given-names>С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buranbayeva</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Салиман Буранбаева – старший преподаватель академической школы «Право», </p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saliman Buranbayeva – corresponding author, senior lecturer of the «Academic schools of law»,</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sattilik02@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4409-2962</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амиров</surname><given-names>Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amirov</surname><given-names>N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нурлан Амиров – кандидат юридических наук, ассистент-профессор школы «Права и государственного управления»,</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nurlan Amirov – candidate of law sciences, about associate professor of the «School of law and public administration»,</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Nurlan.amirov.00@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Туран<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Turan University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный аграрный исследовательский университет<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kazakh National аgrarian research university<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">«Q» University<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">«Q» University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Нархоз<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Narkhoz University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>531</fpage><lpage>540</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Токтыбеков Т., Гаитов А., Буранбаева С., Амиров Н., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Токтыбеков Т., Гаитов А., Буранбаева С., Амиров Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Toktybekov T., Gaitov A., Buranbayeva S., Amirov N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2750">https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2750</self-uri><abstract><p>В Женевской конвенции, правовое регулирование защиты гражданского населения от последствий вооруженных конфликтов, являются приоритетным направлением. Цель статьи заключается в комплексном анализе международно-правового регулирования защиты гражданского населения в условиях вооруженных конфликтов на основе положений Женевских конвенций и Дополнительного протокола I для выявления особенностей правового статуса покровительствуемых лиц и обоснования направлений совершенствования механизмов международного контроля за соблюдением норм международного гуманитарного права. В работе авторами исследуются такие категории граждан, которые имеют статус покровительствуемых. К ним, в частности, относятся: вынужденные мигранты, дети в возрасте до 15 лет; журналисты, не имеющие отношение к военной службе. Для раскрытия темы статьи всестороннему анализу был подвержен Дополнительный протокол I, который был принят 1977 году в развитие IV Женевской Конвенции от 1949 года. В данном международном документе регулируется защита широкого круга лиц, относящихся к гражданскому населению как те, кто оказался в зоне боевого конфликта, но не являющиеся гражданами конфликтующих сторон, так и те, кто является гражданами стран вооруженного конфликта. Авторами в статье отмечается важность соблюдения основополагающих принципов международного гуманитарного права таких принцип проведения различия и принцип соразмерности. В заключении отмечается, что деятельность международной комиссии по расследованию фактов нарушения положений Женевской конвенции по защите гражданского населения и Дополнительного протокола I, не должна зависеть от признания конфликтующими сторонами компетенции Комиссии. Уровень компетентности Комиссии, по мнению авторов, должна определяться Советом Безопасности, Генеральной Ассамблеей, Советом по правам человека, Генеральным секретарем и Верховным комиссаром по правам человека. Комиссия должна состоять из специалистов и экспертов в области защиты прав гражданского населения, а также других экспертов, необходимость в которых может зависеть от ситуаций, складывающихся в процессе военных действий.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the impact of the population's educational level on the formation of human capital and economic growth. The purpose of the article is a comprehensive analysis of the international legal regulation of the protection of civilians in armed conflict based on the provisions of the Geneva Conventions and Additional Protocol I in order to identify the specifics of the legal status of protected persons and substantiate ways to improve the mechanisms of international control over compliance with international humanitarian law. The relevance of the research stems from the need to increase the efficiency of human capital use in the modern knowledge economy. The work aims to quantify the relationship between the population's educational characteristics and key macroeconomic indicators. The object of the study is human capital in the national economic system; the subject is the influence of the level of education (the proportion of the population with higher education, the average duration of education, the quality of educational institutions) on its added value, labor productivity, and economic growth. The paper examines the lack of understanding of the quantitative relationships between the qualitative characteristics of education and their economic effects. The methodological basis of the research consists of correlation and regression analysis, as well as comparative analysis of statistical data. The tools used enable the identification of the degree and nature of the influence of educational factors on economic development. The results of the conducted research can serve as the basis for research using panel data by region, as well as for an in-depth study of the impact of investments and technologies on human capital. As a result of the study, it was found that there is a statistically significant positive relationship between education level and labor productivity, as well as between human capital and economic growth. It has been shown that improving the quality of education and increasing the duration of training contribute to the growth of the added value of human capital.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>международное гуманитарное право</kwd><kwd>покровительствуемые лица</kwd><kwd>гражданское население</kwd><kwd>вооруженные конфликты</kwd><kwd>IV Женевская конвенция</kwd><kwd>Дополнительный протокол I</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>human capital</kwd><kwd>added value</kwd><kwd>economic growth</kwd><kwd>education level</kwd><kwd>labor productivity</kwd><kwd>economic development</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">The Geneva Conventions and their Commentaries. – Available at: - URL: https://www.icrc.org/en/law-andpolicy/geneva-conventions-and-their-commentaries (accessed: 21.12.2024).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Geneva Conventions and their Commentaries. – Available at: - URL: https://www.icrc.org/en/law-andpolicy/geneva-conventions-and-their-commentaries [in English] (accessed: 21.12.2024).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Geneva convention relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war of 12 august 1949. 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