<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">asu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Атырауского университета имени Халела Досмухамедова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-0197</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-332X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Атырауский университет имени Халела Досмухамедова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47649/vau.26.v80.i1.36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">asu-2741</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ECONOMICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>КОЛИЧЕСТВЕННАЯ ОЦЕНКА СОЦИАЛЬНОГО ЭФФЕКТА ПРОЕКТОВ ИПОТЕЧНОГО КРЕДИТОВАНИЯ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ: ИНСТИТУЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ РОЛЬ ОТБАСЫ БАНКА</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>QUANTIFYING THE SOCIAL IMPACT OF MORTGAGE LENDING PROJECTS IN KAZAKHSTAN: THE INSTITUTIONAL ROLE OF OTBASY BANK</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8955-7840</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мухамедов</surname><given-names>Ж.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhammedov</surname><given-names>J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жавохир Мухамедов - PhD докторант, </p><p>г.Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Javokhir Mukhammedov - PhD student, </p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">javokhir.mukhamedov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4825-1189</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сокира</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokira</surname><given-names>T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сокира Татьяна Сергеевна – кандидат экономических наук, доцент кафедры «Менеджмента»,</p><p>г.Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana Sokira – Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Management,</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">t_sokira@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6367-2192</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулдашева</surname><given-names>З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuldasheva</surname><given-names>Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зебо Кулдашева – доктор экономических наук, доцент кафедры «Мировой экономики и международных экономических отношений»,</p><p>г.Ташкент</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zebo Kuldasheva – Doctor of Sciences, Associate Professor of the World Economy and International Economic Relations,</p><p>Tashkent</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">z.kuldasheva@tsue.uz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2248-7310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барлыков</surname><given-names>Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barlykov</surname><given-names>Ye.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ерболат Барлыков - кандидат экономических наук, и.о., ассоциированного профессора,</p><p>г.Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yerbolat Barlykov - Candidate of economics sciences, Associate Professor,</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barlykov.yerbolat@kaznaru.edu.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный университет имени аль-Фараби<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Al-Farabi Kazakh National University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Ташкентский государственный экономический университет<country>Узбекистан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Tashkent State University of Economics<country>Uzbekistan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный аграрный исследовательский университет<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kazakh National Agrarian Research University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>423</fpage><lpage>437</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мухамедов Ж., Сокира Т.С., Кулдашева З., Барлыков Е., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мухамедов Ж., Сокира Т.С., Кулдашева З., Барлыков Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mukhammedov J., Sokira T., Kuldasheva Z., Barlykov Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2741">https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2741</self-uri><abstract><p>Несмотря на масштабную реализацию государственных программ ипотечного кредитования в Казахстане, в научных исследованиях до настоящего времени отсутствует формализованная количественная оценка их совокупного социального эффекта как портфеля социально ориентированных проектов, учитывающая одновременно макроэкономические условия, параметры доступности жилья и институциональную роль ключевых операторов. Преобладающие подходы ограничиваются анализом отдельных показателей (ставки, цены, HAI, объёмы кредитования) и не позволяют оценить результативность проектного управления в сфере жилищной политики. Цель статьи — разработать и апробировать интегральный индекс социального эффекта ипотечных программ (ISEH) как инструмента количественной оценки результативности государственной жилищной политики, рассматриваемой как портфель взаимосвязанных проектов, а также определить влияние макроэкономических, ценовых и институциональных факторов на доступность жилья и социальную эффективность ипотечного кредитования в Казахстане. В данной работе предложено решение указанной проблемы на основе разработки и апробации интегрального индекса социального эффекта ипотечных программ (ISEH), трактуемых как совокупность взаимосвязанных проектов в рамках государственной жилищной политики. Индекс объединяет реальные доходы населения, цены на жильё, ипотечные ставки, долю проблемной задолженности, обеспеченность жильём и институциональный фактор, представленный долей АО «Отбасы банк» как проектного оператора и института развития. Эмпирический анализ выполнен по данным 2015–2024 гг. для трёх региональных кластеров (Астана, Алматы и остальные регионы) с использованием корреляционного, регрессионного и факторного анализа. Результаты показывают, что социальный эффект ипотечных проектов в наибольшей степени определяется уровнем доходов и ценовой динамикой, однако статистически значимую роль играет и институциональная координация, осуществляемая Отбасы банком, выполняющим системообразующую и контрциклическую функцию в управлении портфелем жилищных проектов. Выявленная региональная конвергенция значений ISEH подтверждает эффективность централизованного проектного управления в выравнивании доступа к жилью и повышении устойчивости социального результата государственных программ.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Despite the large-scale implementation of state mortgage programs in Kazakhstan, the academic literature still lacks a formalized quantitative assessment of their overall social impact viewed as a portfolio of socially oriented projects that simultaneously incorporates macroeconomic conditions, housing affordability parameters, and the institutional role of key operators. Existing studies are mainly confined to separate indicators (interest rates, housing prices, HAI, lending volumes) and therefore do not allow a comprehensive evaluation of the effectiveness of project-based governance in the housing policy domain. The purpose of the article is to develop and test an integral index of the social effect of mortgage programs (ISEH). as a tool for quantifying the effectiveness of public housing policy, considered as a portfolio of interrelated projects, as well as to determine the impact of macroeconomic, price and institutional factors on housing affordability and social efficiency of mortgage lending in Kazakhstan. This study addresses this gap by developing and empirically testing an Integral Social Effect Index for mortgage programs interpreted as an interconnected set of projects within the framework of state housing policy. The index combines real household income, housing prices, mortgage interest rates, the share of non-performing loans, housing provision per capita, and an institutional component represented by the market share of Otbasy Bank as a development institution and project operator. The results indicate that the social outcomes of mortgage projects are primarily driven by income levels and housing price dynamics, while institutional coordination performed by Otbasy Bank also exerts a statistically significant influence, reflecting its systemically important and countercyclical role in managing the portfolio of housing projects. The observed convergence of ISEH values across regions confirms the effectiveness of centralized project management in reducing territorial disparities in housing access and in strengthening the sustainability of the social impact of state mortgage programs.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ипотечное кредитование</kwd><kwd>социальный эффект</kwd><kwd>Отбасы банк</kwd><kwd>проектное управление</kwd><kwd>доступность жилья</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>mortgage lending</kwd><kwd>social impact</kwd><kwd>Otbasy Bank</kwd><kwd>project management</kwd><kwd>housing affordability</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Astana International Financial Centre. The chartbook: Kazakhstan’s economy in charts and figures. AIFC. 2025 – Available at: —URL: https://aifc.kz/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/spravochnik-ekonomika-kazahstana-4-kv.-2024-g.- eng.pdf [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Astana International Financial Centre. The chartbook: Kazakhstan’s economy in charts and figures. AIFC. 2025 – Available at: — URL:https://aifc.kz/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/spravochnik-ekonomika-kazahstana-4-kv.-2024-g.-eng.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Bank of Kazakhstan. Analysis and assessment of the impact of early use of pension savings on housing market prices in Kazakhstan (Economic Research No. 2025-3. – 2025. Working paper). Department of Financial Stability and Research. – Available at: —URL: https://nationalbank.kz/file/download/112041 [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Bank of Kazakhstan. Analysis and assessment of the impact of early use of pension savings on housing market prices in Kazakhstan (Economic Research No.3.- 2025. Working paper). Department of Financial Stability and Research. – Available at:—URL: https://nationalbank.kz/file/download/112041</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kazakhstan Housing Company. Mortgage lending market in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Review for the first half of 2024. JSC KHC. – Available at: —URL: https://khc.kz/upload/sprint.editor/ce7/lr0dk2lcztwtkenves [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kazakhstan Housing Company. Mortgage lending market in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Review for the first half of 2024. JSC KHC. – Available at: - URL:https://khc.kz/upload/sprint.editor/ce7/lr0dk2lcztwtkenves 029kvz3kb1gn8i.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Association of Financiers of Kazakhstan. Mortgage market overview. AFK. 2025. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Association of Financiers of Kazakhstan. Mortgage market overview. AFK.- 2025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">VBR.kz. Mortgage products in Kazakhstan. 2025 https://www.vbr.kz/banki/ipoteka/na-pokupku-kvartiry/ [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">VBR.kz. Mortgage products in Kazakhstan. 2025 – Available at: —URL:https://www.vbr.kz/banki/ipoteka/napokupku-kvartiry/</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Otbasy Bank. Turning the dream of home into a goal: Sustainability report (ESG 2024) [Sustainability report]. HCSBK. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Otbasy Bank. Turning the dream of home into a goal: Sustainability report (ESG 2024) [Sustainability report]. HCSBK.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ustoychivoe-razvitie. ESG-otchetnost – Available at: —URL: https://hcsbk.kz/en/ustoychivoe-razvitie/esgotchetnost/files/Otbasi_OUR_2024_ [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ustoychivoe-razvitie. ESG-otchetnost. – Available at: —URL:https://hcsbk.kz/en/ustoychivoe-razvitie/esgotchetnost/files/Otbasi_OUR_2024_EN_4.09.2025%202.pdf</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Bank. Kazakhstan: Financial sector assessment (FSAP). World Bank Group. 2024 [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Bank. Kazakhstan: Financial sector assessment (FSAP). World Bank Group. 2024</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mukhamedov, J., Sokira, T., &amp; Kuldasheva, Z. Sustainable development of mortgage lending: Economic challenges and prospects. Journal of Economic Research &amp; Business Administration.- 152(2). – 2025. - Р.68–79. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mukhamedov, J., Sokira, T., &amp; Kuldasheva, Z. Sustainable development of mortgage lending: Economic challenges and prospects. Journal of Economic Research &amp; Business Administration. - 152(2) – 2025.- Р.68–79.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kazbekova, K., Zhanibekova, G., Myrzakhanova, D., &amp; Myrzhykbayeva, A. Risk management and financial stability of banks. Buketov Business Review. - 107(3). – 2022. -Р.56–66. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kazbekova, K., Zhanibekova, G., Myrzakhanova, D., &amp; Myrzhykbayeva, A. Risk management and financial stability of banks. Buketov Business Review. - 107(3). – 2022. - Р.56–66.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akhmediyarova, A. Housing market dynamics in Kazakhstan: An estimated DSGE model (NAC Analytica Working Paper No. 1. Nazarbayev University, NAC Analytica. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Akhmediyarova, A. Housing market dynamics in Kazakhstan: An estimated DSGE model (NAC Analytica Working Paper No. 19). Nazarbayev University, NAC Analytica. 2022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mukayev, D., Shalbolova, U., &amp; Tanaś, J. Housing affordability analysis in Kazakhstan based on D-HAQ model. Journal of International Studies. - 15(4). -2022. - Р.28–42. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mukayev, D., Shalbolova, U., &amp; Tanaś, J. Housing affordability analysis in Kazakhstan based on D-HAQ model. Journal of International Studies. - 15(4). – 2022. - Р.28–42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Anessova, A. G., Adambekova, A. A., &amp; Abdullaeva, B. A. The impact of mortgage loans on housing affordability in Kazakhstan. Economics: The Strategy and Practice. - 17(1). -2022. - Р.185–198. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anessova, A. G., Adambekova, A. A., &amp; Abdullaeva, B. A. The impact of mortgage loans on housing affordability in Kazakhstan. Economics: The Strategy and Practice. - 17(1). – 2022. - Р.185–198.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fedyarova, Y. V., &amp; Rakhmetova, A. M. State support for housing construction in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Problems and prospects. Central Asian Economic Review. - 2(2). – 2021.- Р.149–160. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedyarova, Y. V., &amp; Rakhmetova, A. M. State support for housing construction in the Republic of Kazakhstan: Problems and prospects. Central Asian Economic Review. - 2(2). -2021. - Р.149–160.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kukhar, V. S., Abdeshova, A. S., &amp; Tyumambayeva, A. G. Analysis of the current state of mortgage credit in Kazakhstan. Science and Education. - 3(1). – 2023 - Р.226–237 [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kukhar, V. S., Abdeshova, A. S., &amp; Tyumambayeva, A. G. Analysis of the current state of mortgage credit in Kazakhstan. Science and Education.- 3(1). – 2023.- Р.226–237</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zholdasova, G. I. Mortgage lending in Kazakhstan: Current state and development prospects. Bulletin of Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University. Economics Series, (2), Article 004. 2025. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zholdasova, G. I. Mortgage lending in Kazakhstan: Current state and development prospects. Bulletin of Abai Kazakh National Pedagogical University. Economics Series, (2), Article 004. 2025</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Turdieva, Z., Abramova, M., Dinets, D. A., Guseva, I. A., Petukhova, E. P., Varzin, V. V., Tasmaganbetov, A., &amp; Baimukasheva, Z. Digitalization of commercial banks in the financial market and the introduction of digital mortgages to increase housing affordability. Qubahan Academic Journal. - 5(4). – 2025. - Р.684–702. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Turdieva, Z., Abramova, M., Dinets, D. A., Guseva, I. A., Petukhova, E. P., Varzin, V. V., Tasmaganbetov, A., &amp; Baimukasheva, Z. (2025). Digitalization of commercial banks in the financial market and the introduction of digital mortgages to increase housing affordability. Qubahan Academic Journal, 5(4), Р.684–702.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dzhulaeva, A. M., Nurmanova, B. Z., Suleimenova, M. P., &amp; Sidorenko, E. N. Ecosystem approach to assessing the effectiveness of socially oriented entrepreneurship. Journal of Economic Research &amp; Business Administration. - 149(3). -2024. - Р.189–205. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzhulaeva, A. M., Nurmanova, B. Z., Suleimenova, M. P., &amp; Sidorenko, E. N. Ecosystem approach to assessing the effectiveness of socially oriented entrepreneurship. Journal of Economic Research &amp; Business Administration. - 149(3). – 2024. - Р.189–205.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kuanova, L. A., Akimbayeva, K. T., Doszhan, R. D., &amp; Gamidullaeva, L. A. Financial sustainability of the banks: An experts’ assessment. Journal of Economic Research &amp; Business Administration. - 148(2). -2024. - Р.19–31. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kuanova, L. A., Akimbayeva, K. T., Doszhan, R. D., &amp; Gamidullaeva, L. A. Financial sustainability of the banks: An experts’ assessment. Journal of Economic Research &amp; Business Administration. - 148(2). – 2024. - Р.19–31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Regulation and Development of Financial Market. Financial sector overview of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 2025. [in English]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan for Regulation and Development of Financial Market. Financial sector overview of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 2025</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
