<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">asu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Атырауского университета имени Халела Досмухамедова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-0197</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-332X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Атырауский университет имени Халела Досмухамедова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47649/vau.26.v80.i1.09</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">asu-2708</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ И АРХЕОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY AND ARCHEOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ДВИЖУЩИЕ И СОСТАВНЫЕ ЧАСТИ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА АУЛОВ И СЁЛ КАЗАХСТАНА В ПОСЛЕВОЕННЫЕ ГОДЫ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>DRIVING FORCES AND STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF THE INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL OF KAZAKHSTAN’S AULS AND RURAL SETTLEMENTS IN THE POSTWAR PERIOD</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6367-8877</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сарсенов</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarsenov</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алдар Сарсенов – профессор, доктор исторических наук,</p><p>г. Атырау</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aldar Sarsenov – professor, Doctor of historical sciences,</p><p>Atyrau</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aldar.49@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5637-187X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жумагулов</surname><given-names>Б. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhumagulov</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Болат Жумагулов – профессор-исследователь, кандидат исторических наук,</p><p>г. Алматы</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bolat Zhumagulov - research professor, candidate of historical sciences,</p><p>Almaty</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jumagulov-bolat@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1226-9448</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Молдашева</surname><given-names>С. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moldasheva</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Самал Молдашева - магистр гуманитарных наук, </p><p>г. Атырау</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Samal Moldasheva - master of humanities,</p><p>Atyrau city</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3919-5533</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдулов</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdulov</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айсад Абдулов - магистр гуманитарных наук, научный сотрудник научно-исследовательского института истории, археологии и этнологии Каспийского региона имени Х.Б. Табылдиева,</p><p>г. Атырау</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aisad Abdulov - master of humanities, researcher at the Research institute of History, archeology and ethnology of the Caspian region named after Kh.B. Tabyldiev,</p><p>Atyrau</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">aisad12@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Атырауский университет им. Х.Досмухамедова»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Казахский национальный педагогический университет им. Абая<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">KazNPU named after Abai<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">НАО «Атырауский университет им. Х.Досмухамедова»<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Kh.Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>05</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>80</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>98</fpage><lpage>112</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сарсенов А.С., Жумагулов Б.С., Молдашева С.К., Абдулов А.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сарсенов А.С., Жумагулов Б.С., Молдашева С.К., Абдулов А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sarsenov A., Zhumagulov B., Moldasheva S., Abdulov A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2708">https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2708</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается вопрос о движущих силах и составных частях интеллектуального потенциала аулов и сел Казахстана. Хронология статьи охватывает так называемый послевоенный период, то есть 1946- 1991 годы. В кратком экскурсе авторы рассказывают о слабом интеллектуальном потенциале довоенных лет, когда потребность в кадрах осуществлялась в основном за счет приезжих специалистов. Отмечается, что в республике не было высших учебных заведений, где готовили бы кадры отраслей сельского хозяйства. Только ускоренное развитие образовательной системы, начиная с 60-х годов, привело к укреплению позиции образованных специалистов в аулах и селах. При этом в статье документально показана острая нехватка сельскохозяйственных кадров и работа партии и правительства по искоренению этих недостатков. На основе архивных данных и статистических материалов приводятся гендерные и возрастные различия специалистов с высшим и средним специальным образованием аулов и сел, показана динамика их роста. Отмечается влияние освоения целины на социальную и культурную жизнь аулов и сел. Разделение интеллигенции аулов и сел на гуманитарную, производственно-техническую, медицинскую, правоохранительную и военную чётко прослеживается в статье и подкрепляется архивными данными. Кроме того, начиная с 70-х годов появляется научная интеллигенция. Авторы отмечают постоянный рост всех групп интеллигенции в аграрном пространстве республики. Цель статьи – исследование движущих сил и составных частей интеллектуального потенциала аулов и сел Казахстана в 1946-1991 годы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the issue of the driving forces and structural components of the intellectual potential of auls and rural settlements in Kazakhstan. The study's chronological framework covers the so-called post-war period, namely 1946–1991. In a brief overview, the authors describe the weak intellectual potential of the pre-war years, when the demand for qualified personnel was largely met through specialists arriving from outside the region. It is noted that the republic lacked higher educational institutions that trained specialists for the agricultural sector. Only the accelerated development of the educational system beginning in the 1960s strengthened the position of educated specialists in auls and rural settlements. At the same time, the article documents an acute shortage of agricultural personnel and analyzes the Party and government's efforts to eliminate these shortcomings. Based on archival sources and statistical data, the authors present gender and age differences among specialists with higher and secondary specialized education in auls and rural settlements, and demonstrate the dynamics of their growth. The impact of the Virgin Lands campaign on the social and cultural life of auls and rural settlements is also highlighted. The article clearly traces the differentiation of the rural intelligentsia into humanitarian, production and technical, medical, law enforcement, and military groups, substantiated by archival evidence. In addition, from the 1970s onward, the emergence of a scientific intelligentsia is observed. The authors emphasize the steady growth of all groups of the intelligentsia within the republic's agrarian space. The article aims to examine the driving forces and structural components of the intellectual potential of auls and rural settlements in Kazakhstan during the period from 1946 to 1991.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>интеллектуальный потенциал</kwd><kwd>аулы и сёла</kwd><kwd>Республика Казахстан</kwd><kwd>сельское хозяйство</kwd><kwd>аульная интеллигенция</kwd><kwd>производственно-технический потенциал аулов и сел.</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>intellectual potential</kwd><kwd>auls and rural settlements</kwd><kwd>The Republic of Kazakhstan</kwd><kwd>agriculture</kwd><kwd>rural intelligentsia</kwd><kwd>production and technical potential of auls and rural settlements</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Народное хозяйство Казахстана. Стат. сб. – Алма-Ата. – 1968. – С. 240-247.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">1 Narodnoe hozyajstvo Kazahstana [National economy of Kazakhstan] Stat. sb. – Alma-Ata. – 1968 [in Russian] P. 240-247.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1959 года. Казахская ССР. – Москва. – Госстатиздат, 1962. – С.48-49, 77, 125, 141,142</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">2 Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1959. Kazahskaya SSR [The results of the All-Union population Census of 1959. The Kazakh SSR] - Moskva. Gosstatizdat. – 1962 [in Russian] P.48-49</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1889 года, уровень образования. (раздел III, часть I). - Алма-Ата, 1990. – С.7, 106, 109, 257</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">3 Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1889, uroven' obrazovaniya [The results of the All-Union population census of 1889, the level of education] (razdel III, chast' I). - Alma-Ata, 1990 [in Russian] P.7</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив Республики Казахстан (далее ЦГА РК). ф. 698, оп. 14, д. 299 c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">4 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (dalee CGA RK). f. 698, op. 14, d. 299 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шарманов Т. Ш. Развитие здравоохранения в Казахстане. - Алма-Ата, 1980. - 20 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">5 Sharmanov T. SH. Razvitie zdravoohraneniya v Kazahstane [Development of healthcare in Kazakhstan] - Alma-Ata, 1980. - 20 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив Республики Казахстан (далее ЦГА РК), ф. 698, оп. д. 908. 8.c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">6 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan], (dalee CGA RK) f. 698, op. 908 [in Russian] 8-p</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 1890, оп. 3, 294. c.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">7 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 1890, op. 3, d. 294 -p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 1890, оп. 3, д. 1591.c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">8 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 1890, op. 3, d. 1591-p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Социалистическое строительство Казахской ССР за 20 лет. Алма-Ата. – 1940. - С.47-50.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">9 Socialisticheskoe stroitel'stvo Kazahskoj SSR za 20 let [Socialist construction of the Kazakh SSR in 20 years] Alma-Ata, 1940. - P.47-50 [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Народное хозяйство Казахстана за 60 лет. Стат. сб., Алма-Ата. – 1980. - 121 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">10 Narodnoe hozyajstvo Kazahstana za 60 let [The national economy of Kazakhstan for 60 years] Stat. sb., Alma-Ata, 1980. - 121 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Агропромышленная интеграция и социальная структура сельского населения СССР. - Москва, 1988. - 106 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">11 Agropromyshlennaya integraciya i social'naya struktura sel'skogo naseleniya SSSR [Agro-industrial integration and the social structure of the rural population of the USSR] - Moskva, 1988. - 106 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1959 года. Казахская ССР. – Москва, 1962. - 135 с; Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1989 г., ч. 2. - Алма-Ата, 1992. - 284 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">12 Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1959 [The results of the All-Union population Census of 1959. The Kazakh SSR] Kazahskaya SSR. – Moskva, 1962. - 135 s; Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1989 [Results of the All-Union population Census of 1989] ch. 2. - Alma-Ata. – 1992. - 284 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Қазақ совет энциклопедиясы. т. 2. – 1973. – 537 с; т. 6. – 1975. – С. 363–368; т. 10. – 1977. – 337 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">13 Qazaq sovet ensiklopediasy [The Kazakh Soviet Encyclopedia] t. 2. – 1973. – 537 p; t. 6. – 1975. – S. 363– 368; t. 10. – 1977. – 337 p [in Kazakh]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Большевик Казахстана. – 1948. – №3. – 14 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">14 Bol'shevik Kazahstana [The Bolshevik of Kazakhstan] – 1948. – №3. – 14 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1959 года. Казахская ССР. – Москва, 1962. - 143 с; Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1979 года, т. IX, ч. 1. – М., 1990. – 68 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">15 Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1959 goda. Kazahskaya SSR [The results of the All-Union population Census of 1959. The Kazakh SSR] – Moskva, 1962. - 143 s; Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1979 goda [Results of the 1979 All-Union Population Census], t. IX, ch. 1. – M., 1990. – 68 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1989 года, т. II. – Алма-Ата, 1992. – 230 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">16 Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1989 goda [Results of the All-Union population Census of 1989] t. II. – Alma-Ata, 1992. – 230 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1970 г., т. V. - Москва, 1973. – С. 10–11; Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1979 г., т. VII. - Москва, 1990. - 9 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">17 Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1970 [Results of the All-Union population Census of 1970], t.- Moskva, 1973. – P. 10–11; Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1979 [Results of the 1979 All-Union Population Census] VII. - Moskva, 1990. – 9-p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 1481, оп. 29, д. 7, л. 2.c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">18 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 1481, op. 29, d. 7, l. [in Russian] 2-p</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 698, оп. 8, д. 765, л. 2.c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">19 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 698, op. 8, d. 765, l. [in Russian] 2-p</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Президентский архив Республики Казахстан (далее ПА РК). ф. 708, оп. 10, д. 159, л. 124 c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">20 Prezidentskij arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [The Presidential Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] (dalee PA RK). f. 708, op. 10, d. 159, l. [in Russian] 124-p</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 1876, оп. 1, д. 32, 89. c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">21 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 1876, op. 1, d. 32, l. 89.p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 698, оп. 8, д. 1086, л. 42.c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">22 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 698, op. 8, d. 1086, l. 42.p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сельское хозяйство СССР. Стат. сб. – Москва, 1980. – С. 470–473.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">23 Sel'skoe hozyajstvo SSSR [Agriculture of the USSR] Stat. sb. – Moskva, 1980. – P. 470–473 [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 698, оп. 8, д. 1071, л. 5.c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">24 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 698, op. 8, d. 1071, l. 5.p[in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Здравоохранение Казахстана. – 1960. – №10. – С. 11-21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">25 Zdravoohranenie Kazahstana [Healthcare of Kazakhstan] – 1960. – №10. – P. 11-21 [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 1692, оп. 2, д. 437, л. 77.c</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">26 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 1692, op. 2, d. 437, l. 77.p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Керімбеков О. Мәдени мекен. – Алматы, 1987. – с. 99; Социалистический труд. – 1985. - №5. – 8 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">27 Kerіmbekov O. Mәdeni meken [Cultural address] – Almaty. – 1987. – 99 p; Socialisticheskij trud. – 1985. - №5. - 8 p [in Kazakh]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1979 года, т. VII. – Москва. – 1990. – С. 248–268.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">28 Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1979 goda [Results of the 1979 All-Union Population Census] t. VII. – Moskva, 1990. – P. 248–268 [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Народное хозяйство СССР в 1970 году. Стат. ежегодник. – Москва. – 1971. – 411 с; Народное хозяйство СССР в 1985 году. Стат. ежегодник. – 1986. – 310 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">29 Narodnoe hozyajstvo SSSR v 1970 godu. Stat. ezhegodnik [The national economy of the USSR in 1970. Stat. The yearbook] – Moskva, 1971. – 411 p; Narodnoe hozyajstvo SSSR v 1985 godu. Stat. ezhegodnik [The national economy of the USSR in 1985. Stat. The yearbook] – 1986. – 310 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1959 года. Казахская ССР. – Москва. – 1962. – С. 74–77, 144– 148; Народное хозяйство Казахстана. Ст. сб. - Алма-Ата, 1968. – 8 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">30 Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1959 goda. Kazahskaya SSR [The results of the All-Union population Census of 1959. The Kazakh SSR] - Moskva, 1962. – P. 74–77, 144–148; Narodnoe hozyajstvo Kazahstana [National economy of Kazakhstan] St. sb. - Alma-Ata. – 1968. – 8 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Итоги Всесоюзной переписи населения 1979 года. т. VII, Москва, 1982. – С. 290–291; Казахстан в цифрах в 1989 году. Краткий стат. сб. – Алма-Ата, 1990. - 17 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">31 Itogi Vsesoyuznoj perepisi naseleniya 1979 [Results of the 1979 All-Union Population Census] t. VII, Moskva, 1982. – P. 290–291; Kazahstan v cifrah v 1989 [Казахстан в цифрах в 1989 году] Kratkij stat. sb. – AlmaAta, 1990. - 17 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 1481, оп. 29, д. 15, л. 21, C.42- 43.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">32 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 1481, op. 29, d. 15, l. 21, P.42- 43 [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кадыртаева М. К вопросу об исследовании социальной структуры крестьянства на современном этапе // Известия АН КазССР. Серия обществ. наук. - 1978. – №2. - 23 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">33 Kadyrtaeva M. K voprosu ob issledovanii social'noj struktury krest'yanstva na sovremennom etape [On the issue of studying the social structure of the peasantry at the present stage] // Izvestiya AN KazSSR. Seriya obshchestv. nauk. - 1978. – №2. - 23 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Исатаев Р. Колхозное крестьянство Казахстана в условиях развитого социализма. - Алма-Ата. – 1977. - 188 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">34 Isataev R. Kolhoznoe krest'yanstvo Kazahstana v usloviyah razvitogo socializma [Collective farm peasantry of Kazakhstan in the conditions of developed socialism] - Alma-Ata. – 1977. - 88 p [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семенов В.С. Диалектика развития социальной структуры советского общества. - М. – 1977. - С. 78–79.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">35 Semenov V.S. Dialektika razvitiya social'noj struktury sovetskogo obshchestva [Dialectics of the development of the social structure of Soviet society] - M., 1977.- P. 78–79 [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центральный государственный архив РК, ф. 1137, оп. 24, д. 68, л. 233; Народное хозяйство Казахстана в 1984 г. Стат. ежегодник. - Алма-Ата - 1985. - С. 133–135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">36 Central'nyj gosudarstvennyj arhiv Respubliki Kazahstan [Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan] f. 1137, op. 24, d. 68, l. 233; Narodnoe hozyajstvo Kazahstana v 1984 g. Stat. ezhegodnik [The national economy of Kazakhstan in 1984 Stat. The yearbook] - Alma-Ata. – 1985. - P. 133–135 [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
