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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">asu</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Атырауского университета имени Халела Досмухамедова</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Bulletin of the Khalel Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2077-0197</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2790-332X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Атырауский университет имени Халела Досмухамедова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.47649/vau.25.v78.i3.19</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">asu-2217</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПЕДАГОГИКА И ПСИХОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PEDAGOGY AND PSYCHOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>МЕТОДЫ НАУЧНОГО ПОЗНАНИЯ В ОБУЧЕНИИ ФИЗИКЕ: АНАЛОГИИ И МОДЕЛИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>METHODS OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE IN TEACHING PHYSICS: ANALOGIES AND MODELS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0134-1379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куанбаева</surname><given-names>Б. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuanbayeva</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Баян Куанбаева - кандидат педагогических наук, доцент</p><p>г. Атырау</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bayan Kuanbayeva - candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor</p><p>Atyrau </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Bayan_Kuanbaeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4848-1344</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жусупкалиева</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhusupkalieva</surname><given-names>G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галия Жусупкалиева - кандидат педагогических наук, доцент</p><p>г. АтырауE-mail: </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galiya Zhusupkalieva - candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor</p><p>Atyrau</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galiya64@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9745-6925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рахметов</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rakhmetov</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максот Рахметов - основной автор, доктор философии, старший преподаватель</p><p>г. Атырау</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxot Rakhmetov – corresponding author, PhD, senior lecturer</p><p>Atyrau </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maksot.raxmetov.96@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0475-8110</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наукенова</surname><given-names>Ж. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naukenova</surname><given-names>A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алтынай Наукенова - педагог иследователь</p><p>г. Атырау</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Altynay Naukenova - Research teacher, master</p><p>Atyrau</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">altinaynaukenova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Атырауский университет им.  Х. Досмухамедова<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">NJSC Кh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Высший колледж ApecPetroTechnic<country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">ApecPetroTechnic Higher College<country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>78</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>223</fpage><lpage>233</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Куанбаева Б.У., Жусупкалиева Г.К., Рахметов М.Е., Наукенова Ж.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Куанбаева Б.У., Жусупкалиева Г.К., Рахметов М.Е., Наукенова Ж.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kuanbayeva B., Zhusupkalieva G., Rakhmetov M., Naukenova A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2217">https://asu.ejournal.kz/jour/article/view/2217</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается, наряду с применением контрольных, экспериментальных, математических методов, необходимость систематического применения аналогий и моделей, как метода научного познания и вида творческой деятельности, в процессе обучения физике и других естественных дисциплин. Выявлена важность применения метода аналогий и моделей для понимания физических законов и явлений и их теоретических представлений. Метод аналогии и моделей можно эффективно применять, если использовать такие современные технические средства обучения как компьютер и мультимедийные обучающие программы по физике. Метод аналогии моделирования, как объект и средство познания, способствует в обучении физике повышению качества знаний и снижению психологической нагрузки на учащихся.В работе авторами предлагаются разработанные компьютерные модели для обучения физике.Эффективность метода аналогии и моделирования, основанного на развитии творческих способностей и формулирующего деловые навыки учащихся, экспериментально проверен и представлены результаты.Применение аналогии и моделирования в школьном курсе физики, как метода учебного познания, является одной из основных задач физического образования в школе. Данный метод дает возможность формирования правильных представлений о современной научной картине мира, научного мировоззрения, творческого мышления обучающихся, проведения научных исследований физических явлений, процессов, объектов. Цель статьи-рассмотреть, изучить методы научного познания в преподавании курса физики в школе: применение аналогии и моделирования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article considers, along with the use of control, experimental, and mathematical methods, the need for systematic application of analogies and models as a method of scientific cognition and a type of creative activity in the process of teaching physics and other natural disciplines.The importance of using the method of analogies and models for understanding physical laws and phenomena and their theoretical representations is revealed. The method of analogy and models can be effectively applied if such modern technical teaching tools as a computer and multimedia physics training programs are used. The method of analog modeling, as an object and means of cognition, contributes to the teaching of physics to improve the quality of knowledge and reduce the psychological burden on students.In this paper, the authors propose developed computer models for teaching physics.The effectiveness of the analogy and modeling method based on the development of creative abilities and formulating business skills of students has been experimentally tested and the results are presented.The application of analogy and modeling in the school physics course, as a method of educational cognition, is one of the main tasks of physical education at school. This method makes it possible to form correct ideas about the modern scientific picture of the world, scientific worldview, creative thinking of students, conducting scientific research of physical phenomena, processes, objects. The purpose of the article is to consider, study the methods of scientific knowledge in teaching the course of physics at school: the use of analogies and modeling.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>физика</kwd><kwd>средняя школа</kwd><kwd>аналогия</kwd><kwd>компьютерная модель</kwd><kwd>метод научного познания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>physics</kwd><kwd>secondary school</kwd><kwd>analogy</kwd><kwd>computer model</kwd><kwd>method of scientific cognition</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жусупкалиева Г., Куанбаева Б., Салтанова Г., Тумышева А. &amp; Рахметов М. (2023). 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